群馬大学大学院 医学系研究科生命医科学専攻 入学案内2019（英語版）

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16Graduate School of Medicine　Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is independent of genomic sequence and therefore can exibly respond to environmental factors. We are currently investigating various epigenetic mechanisms by which the environmental factors are linked to metabolic diseases. Main focus of our research is histone modication which regulates gene expression through changing chromatin structure and cofactor recruitment. Using techniques of transcriptomics, epigenetics, proteomics and animal models, we intend to elucidate the detail mechanisms of epigenetic regulations of energy metabolism and adipose cell development.【Keywords】epigenome, metabolic diseases, energy metabolism, transcription, chromatin structure　A wide variety of intrinsic and environmental stresses induce cellular senescence, apoptosis and genomic instability. These “stress responses” underlie the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases and tumor development. Specically, we aim to clarify (i) the molecular mechanisms of oncogene-induced DNA replication stress in genomic instability and (ii) the regulatory role of HSF1, a master transcription factor of the heat shock response, in cellular senescence.【Keywords】DNA replication stress, genomic instability, carcinogenesis, heat shock transcription factor 1, cellular senescence　Epigenetics is the study of heritable codes other than genetic codes written in A, G, C, and T. Monozygotic twins have the same genetic information; however, they have dierent epigenetic information and phenotype. DNA methylation and histone modications (acetylation and methylation) serve as epigenetic code. Epigenetic status, namely, epigenome, is thought to be inuenced by the environment, such as food, infection, and chemicals. This reprogramming of the epigenome by the environment could cause diseases such as cancer, and diabetes. We are going to clarify the role of epigenetic anomalies in diseases such as cancer, diabetes and obesity.【Keywords】epigenetics, epigenome, DNA methylation, microarray, genome-wide analysis　Morphogen signaling systems, such as Wnt signaling, plays crucial roles in animal tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, and dysregulation of morphogen signaling causes a variety of diseases, including cancer, metabolic diseases, and neurological diseases. Our laboratory investigates the regulatory mechanisms of morphogen signaling systems and also searches for unknown signaling systems that regulate tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, using in vivo imaging, biochemistry, and molecular genetics. Especially, we are now focusing on "cell competition", a new system supporting animal tissue homeostasis.【Keywords】signal transduction, morphogen, cell competition, in vivo imaging, disease model　In this course, we aim to nurture researchers in the eld of medical physics who are indispensable for ensuring the reliability of radio therapy through sophisticated research and credible study of heavy ion and x-ray radiotherapies. To improve radiotherapy and to use space environment we carry out in vitro and in vivo experiments regarding a variety of radiation-induced biological phenomena. Another important purpose of this course is to increase the expertise of those radiobiology specialists involved in radiotherapy and space science.【Keywords】radiotherapy, heavy ion radiotherapy, medical physics, accelerator, radiation biology, eect of space radiation　Heavy ion radiotherapy for malignant tumors has several biophysical advantages compared with photon therapy. Heavy ion clinical medicine includes radiobiology, medical physics and engineering, tumor pathology, clinical oncology, and radiation diagnosis. This course is implemented to understand that the radiation oncology including heavy ion radiotherapy is comprehensive medical science which integrates and systematizes these wide varieties of scientic subelds to attain successful cancer treatment.【Keywords】heavy ion radiotherapy, multimodality cancer therapy, biological response, high LET, hypofractionation, 　　　　　　Image-guided adaptive radiotherapy　We are researching biological functions at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels using the physical and biological eects of ion beams at the ion beam irradiation facility of Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute. Our nal goal is the development of new methods of analyzing biological function not possible with previously established methods. The major subjects are as follows:・Making advances in micro-PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) analysis,・Developing a technology to target and hit a cell or a tissue with a single-heavy-ion of several hundred MeV within 1μm spatial accuracy under microscope observation, Elucidating eects induced to normal or cancer human cells irradiated with heavy ions, and to those not irradiated (bystander eect).【Keywords】ion beam, microbeam, micro-PIXE, single-ion hit, irradiation of targeted cell, radiomicrosurgery, bystander eectTakeshi InagakiLaboratory of Epigenetics and MetabolismTakayuki YamashitaMolecular GeneticsIzuho HatadaGenome SciencesTohru IshitaniLaboratory of Integrated Signaling SystemsMasami TorikoshiAkihisa Takahashi(Due to retire in March 2019)Medical Physics and Biology for Ion Therapy(Heavy Ion Clinical Medicine)Tatsuya OhnoHeavy Ion Clinical MedicineYasuyuki Ishii　Yasuhiko Kobayashi　Kazuo FunayamaQuantum BiologyJoint Department(Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology)Description of Research ObjectivesGUNMA UNIVERSITYGraduate School of MedicineAdmission Guide 2019