群馬大学大学院医学系研究科 医科学専攻(博士課程) 平成30年度入学案内(英語版)

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RegionMajor FieldContact InformationMain contents of research and key wordsCooperative Department and Joint DepartmentLaboratory of Integrated Signaling SystemsTohru IshitaniExt. 8892ishitani@gunma-u.ac.jpMorphogen signaling systems, such as Wnt signaling, plays crucial roles in animal tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, and dysregulation of morphogen signaling causes a variety of diseases, including cancer, metabolic diseases, and neurological diseases. Our laboratory investigates the regulatory mechanisms of morphogen signaling systems and also searches for unknown signaling systems that regulate tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, using in vivo imaging, biochemistry, and molecular genetics. Especially, we are now focusing on "cell competition", a new system supporting animal tissue homeostasis.【Keywords】signal transduction, morphogen, cell competition, in vivo imaging, disease modelMedical Physics and Biology for Ion TherapyMasami TorikoshiExt. 8378torikosi@gunma-u.ac.jpAkihisa TakahashiExt. 7917a-takahashi@gunma-u.ac.jpIn this course, we aim to nurture researchers in the eld of medical physics who are indispensable for ensuring the reliability of radiotherapy through sophisticated research and credible study of heavy ion and x-ray radiotherapies. To improve radiotherapy and to use space environment, we carry out in vitro and in vivo experiments regarding a variety of radiation-induced biological phenomena. Another important purpose of this course is to increase the expertise of those radiobiology specialists involved in radiotherapy and space science.【Keywords】Radiotherapy, heavy ion radiotherapy, medical physics, accelerator, radiation biology, e ect of space radiationHeavy Ion Clinical MedicineTatsuya OhnoExt. 8378tohno@gunma-u.ac.jpHeavy ion radiotherapy for malignant tumors has several biophysical advantages compared with photon therapy. Heavy ion clinical medicine includes clinical oncology, tumor pathology, radiobiology, medical physics and engineering, diagnostic radiology, and image-guided therapy. This course is implemented to understand that the radiation oncology including heavy ion radiotherapy is comprehensive medical science which integrates and systematizes these wide varieties of scienti c sub elds to attain successful cancer treatment. 【Keywords】Heavy ion radiotherapy, Multimodality cancer therapy, Biological response, high LET, Hypofractionation, Image-guided adaptive radiotherapyQuantum BiologyTakasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute,National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and TechnologyYasuyuki IshiiYasuhiko KobayashiContact to Admissions Section, Educational A airs o ceUsing the features of physical and biological e ects of ion beam, the new method for analyzing biofunction which was very di cult to be analyzed in conventional technology will be developed to perform the functional analysis at each level of a molecule, a cell, and an organ. The following analysis methods will be established: analysis of cell function based on the element distribution in the cell using micro-PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) or measurement of dynamics of trace elements contained in drugs, contaminants, or substances transmitting information inside and outside the cell; analysis of inactivation of speci c organ in the cell by microbeam irradiation of body tissues / cultured cell line and crosstalk within the cell; analysis of crosstalk between cells by inactivation of speci c cell in living tissue. Also, the in uence of irradiating living cells with an ion (single ion irradiation) will be analyzed at the molecular level. The mechanism of cell response under stress or by exposure to radiation such as apoptosis, genome instability, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis will be elucidated with those analysis methods aiming to nurture the researchers who play a leading role in advanced medical research. 【Keywords】ion beam, cell metabolic function, micro-PIXE, crosstalk between cells, single ion irradiation, stress damage, cell response mechanism－139－